Development of a Synthetic Bioadhesive Enriched with Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Secretum for Treating Retinal Detachment
Maryam Pourdehsheikhi1 , Leila Satarian2 *
- Department of medical biotechnology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: Retinal detachment (RD) remains a significant challenge in ophthalmic surgery, often leading to severe vision loss. Current treatments, including pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), exhibit variable success rates with initial retinal reattachment ranging from 74% to 96.3%. However, the loss of photoreceptor cells is a critical factor in post-surgical vision deterioration, underscoring the need for innovative solutions. This research addresses the inefficiencies of existing treatments and proposes a novel approach: the development of a regenerative adhesive based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) enriched with retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) cells secretum. This adhesive aims to enhance retinal reattachment via physical sealing while promoting photoreceptor cell recovery, thereby improving long-term visual outcomes.
Methods: Our methodology involved the preparation of four groups of PEG adhesives with varying molar ratios of end groups NH2:NHS (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3). Adhesion properties were measured using a lap shear test, while mechanical elasticity was assessed through compression testing and comparison of the Young's modulus with that of the retina. Hydrogel biodegradation was also investigated and the group exhibiting the longest degradation time (9 days; NH2:NHS = 1:2) selected for further study. To evaluate the protective effect of RPE condition media (RPECM), an LDH test was conducted, confirming its efficacy. Consequently, the protein release from the condition media-loaded hydrogel was measured using the BCA Assay.
Results: Preliminary results indicated that the PEG adhesive enriched with RPE secretum exhibited promising characteristics, including robust adhesive properties ( ≈ 129 kPa), mechanical compatibility with retinal tissue (E ≈ 8.5 kPa), and minimal inflammatory response. These findings suggested that the PEG- RPECM adhesive could offer a significant advancement in the treatment of RD, providing a dual benefit of mechanical support and biological regeneration.
Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of integrating cell-free regenerative therapies with modern synthetic bioadhesives to recapitulate complex ocular conditions, aiming to restore and preserve vision in patients suffering from retinal detachment.
